The Abbasid government did not allow \'Ulama\' and
jurisprudent to communicate with Imam Abu Muhammad (a.s.) lest his virtues and
vast knowledge would be spread among people everywhere, as then people would be
affected by him and would turn their backs to the Abbasids. In spite of all the
severe procedures the Abbasids took to separate the imam from people, some
\'Ulama\' and narrators communicated with him and narrated his traditions. Here
we mention the companions and narrators in brief because this completes the
research on the personality of Imam Abu Muhammad (a.s.).
1. Ibrahim bin Abu Hafs Abu Isaaq al-Katib
An-Najashi said about him that he was a sheikh from Imam Abu
Muhammad al-Askari\'s companions. He was a reliable and notable man. He had written
a book refuting the excessive and Abul Khattab.[178]
2. Ibrahim bin Khasib al-Anbari
Sheikh at-Toosi mentioned him as one of Imam al-Askari\'s
companions.[179]
3. Ibrahim bin Abdah
Sheikh at-Toosi mentioned him as one of Imam al-Hadi\'s and
Imam al-Askari\'s companions.[180] We have mentioned in a previous chapter the
letters of Imam al-Askari (a.s.) to him that showed his reliability and high
position.
4. Ibrahim bin Ali
Sheikh at-Toosi mentioned him as one of Imam al-Askari\'s
companions.[181] He was unknown.
5. Ibrahim bin Muhammad bin Faris an-Naysaburi
Sheikh at-Toosi mentioned him as one of Imam al-Hadi\'s and
Imam al-Askari\'s companions.[182] Once, al-Kashshi asked Abu an-Nadhr
al-Ayyashi about some men among whom was Ibrahim bin Muhammad bin Faris, and he
said, \'As for Ibrahim bin Muhammad bin Faris, he is not bad.\'[183]
6. Abu Isaaq Ibrahim bin Mahziyar al-Ahwazi
He had written a book called "al-Bisharaat".[184]
Isaaq bin Muhammad al-Basri narrated that Muhammad bin Ibrahim bin Mahziyar
said to him, \'When my father (Ibrahim) was about to die, he gave me some money
and gave me a certain sign. No one knew about this sign except Allah the
Almighty. He said to me, \'Whoever shows you this sign, you have to give him
this money.\' I went to Baghdad and stopped at an inn. On the following day,
someone came and knocked the door. I asked the servant to see who he was. The
servant said, \'An old man at the door.\' I said, \'Let him come in.\' The old
man came in, took a seat and said, \'I am al-Umari. Give me the money that is
with you which is so-and-so.\' He showed me the sign and I gave him the
money.\'[185] Al-Umari was the agent of Imam Abu Muhammad (a.s.).
Ibrahim bin Mahziyar narrated from Imam Abul Hasan al-Hadi
(a.s.), Imam Abu Muhammad al-Askari (a.s.), Ibn Abu Umayr, and others. Ahmad
bin Muhammad, Sa\'d bin Abdullah, Abdullah bin Ja\'far al-Himyari, and others
narrated from him.[186]
7. Ibrahim bin Yazid
Sheikh at-Toosi mentioned him as one of Imam al-Askari\'s
companions. He also mentioned his brother Ahmad bin Yazid as one of Imam
al-Askari\'s companions.[187]
8. Ibrahim bin Isma\'yl bin Dawud bin Hamdun al-Katib
an-Nadim
He was the master of linguists. He narrated from Imam Abu
Muhammad al-Askari (a.s.) and from his father.[188] An-Najashi said, \'He was
the close companion of our master Abu Muhammad al-Askari (a.s.) and of his
father Abul Hasan (al-Hadi) (a.s.) before him.\'
He had written some books like "The names of mountains,
watercourses, and valleys", "Bani[189] Murrah bin Owf",
"Bani an-Namr bin Qasit", "Bani Aqil", "Bani Abdullah
bin Ghatafan", "At-Tayy", "The poetry of al-Hujayr
as-Saluli", "The poetry of Thabit bin Qutnah and his craft",
"Bani Kulayb bin Yarbu\'", "The poetry of bin Murrah bin
Hammam", and "Nawadir al-A\'rab: rarities of the nomads".[190]
9. Abu Hamid Ahmad bin Ibrahim al-Muraghi
Sheikh at-Toosi mentioned him as one of Imam al-Askari\'s
companions. Ibn Dawud said about him, \'He is highly praiseworthy.\'[191] Ahmad
narrated, \'Abu Ja\'far Muhammad bin Ahmad bin Ja\'far al-Qummi al-Attar wrote
to the imam (peace be on him) describing us to him. The imam (a.s.) replied,
\'I read that which you described Abu Hamid (may Allah honor him by His obedience)
with and understood his state. May Allah take him to the best end and not cease
His favors on him, and may Allah be his guardian.\'[192]
10. Ahmad bin Idris al-Qummi al-Mu\'allim
Sheikh at-Toosi mentioned him as one of Imam al-Askari\'s
companions.[193] An-Najashi said, \'He was a reliable jurisprudent from among
our companions. He was trustworthy in his many narrations. He had written a
book on rarities. He died in 306 AH on the way from Mecca to Kufa.\'[194]
11. Ahmad bin Isaaq bin Abdullah bin Sa\'d bin Malik bin
al-Ahwas al-Ash\'ari al-Qummi
He was the deputy of the people of Qum. He narrated
traditions from Abu Ja\'far the Second (Imam al-Jawad) and from Abul Hasan
(Imam al-Hadi) (peace be on them). He was from the close companions of Imam Abu
Muhammad (a.s.). He had written some books such as "Ilal as-Sawm: causes
of fasting" and "Masa\'il ar-Rijal: questions of men" which he
had collected from Abul Hasan the Third (Imam ar-Redha) (a.s.).[195]
Sheikh at-Toosi said he was one from those who had met Imam
al-Mahdi (a.s.).[196]
Muhammad bin Ahmed bin as-Salt al-Qummi wrote a letter to
ad-Dar (to the imam) and mentioned in it the story of Ahmed bin Isaaq al-Qummi
and his companionship. He mentioned that he wanted to perform Hajj and needed
one thousand dinars. He said in the letter, \'If my master sees that he orders
to lend him this amount and get it back from him in his country when he comes
back, I shall do it (give him the money).\' The imam (a.s.) replied, \'It is a
gift from us to him and when he comes back, he will get another gift from
us.\'[197] This story showed his faith and the respect of the imam (a.s.)
towards him.
Abdullah bin Ja\'far al-Himyari said, \'Once, Sheikh Abu Amr
(may Allah have mercy on him) and I met Ahmad bin Isaaq, who signaled to me to
ask Abu Amr about the Successor (Imam al-Mahdi). I said to him, \'O Abu Amr, I
want to ask you about something that I have no doubt about.\' He said, \'Ask
about what you want!\' I said to him, \'Did you see the Successor after Abu
Muhammad (a.s.)?\' He said, \'By Allah, yes.\'[198]
Anyhow, this man was reliable and had a high position near
the Ahlul Bayt (a.s).
12. Ahmad bin al-Hasan bin Ali bin Fadhdhal
Sheikh at-Toosi mentioned him as one of Imam al-Hadi\'s and
Imam al-Askari\'s companions.[199] It was said that he was Fatahite[200] and he
was reliable in narration. He had written some books such as
"Prayer", and "Wudu". He died in 260 AH.[201]
13. Abu Ali Ahmad bin Hammad al-Mahmudi
Sheikh at-Toosi mentioned him as one of Imam al-Hadi and
Imam al-Askari\'s companions.[202] Al-Kashshi mentioned that Muhammad bin
Mas\'ood said, \'Abu Ali Muhammad bin Ahmad bin Hammad al-Mahmudi al-Marwazi
said, \'Abu Ja\'far (a.s.) wrote to my father (as mentioned earlier) in a
chapter of his book,.(and every soul shall be paid in full what it has earned,
and they shall not be wronged).[203] As for this life, we are tried in it with
misfortunes, but whoever loves his friend and believes in his beliefs shall be
with him even if he is far from him. And as for the afterlife, it is the abode
of eternity.\'
Al-Mahmudi said, "The imam (a.s.) wrote to me after my
father\'s death, \'Your father has passed away, may Allah be pleased with him
and with you. He is still praiseworthy to us. And you shall not be far from
this state.\'"[204]
This praise of the imam shows that he was a trustworthy and
good man. Al-Kashshi mentioned other traditions narrated by this man.
14. Ahmad bin Muhammad bin Yasar
Al-Barqi mentioned him as one of Imam al-Askari\'s
companions.[205] Al-Najashi said about this man, \'He was from the clerks of
Abu Tahir at the time of Abu Muhammad (a.s.). He was known as as-Sayyari. He
was weak in narrations and of bad beliefs as al-Husayn bin Abdullah told us.
His narrations were not regarded significant. He narrated mursal[206]
traditions. He had some books like "Thawab (reward of) al-Qur\'an",
"Medicine", "Recitations", "Rarities", and
"al-Gharat (raids)".[207]
Al-Kashshi mentioned that Ibrahim bin Muhammad bin Hajib said,
\'I read in a paper with al-Jawad (a.s.) that he informed someone, who asked
about as-Sayyari, saying, \'He was not as he claimed for himself. Do not give
him anything (of traditions).\'[208] Scholars accused him about his beliefs. He
died while still on his wrong beliefs.
15. Ahmad bin Abdullah bin Marwan al-Anbari
Sheikh at-Toosi mentioned him as one of Imam al-Askari\'s
companions.[209]
16. Ahmad bin Muhammad bin Musshir
He narrated from Imam Abu Muhammad (a.s.), and Ali bin Abu
Khulays narrated from him. Sayyid al-Khu\'i said, \'Nothing was mentioned that
might prove the reliability or the praiseworthiness of this man. As for the
saying of Sheikh as-Saduq about him that he was "the companion of Abu
Muhammad (a.s.)", it does not mean he was reliable or good. How is that,
whereas there were bad men among the companions of the Prophet (a.s), so what
about those who accompanied the imam?!...\'[210]
17. Ahmad bin Muhammad al-Hudhayni
Sheikh at-Toosi mentioned him as one of Imam al-Askari\'s
companions.[211]
18. Ahmad bin Hilal al-Abrata\'iy
Sheikh at-Toosi mentioned him as one of Imam al-Askari\'s
companions.[212] He was of bad beliefs and no one considered his narrations
significant.[213] The imam (a.s.) dispraised him and declared that he was free
from him. He wrote to al-Qassim bin al-Ala\', \'Our order has come to you about
the liar ibn Hilal, may Allah have no mercy on him. He - may Allah neither
forgive his sins nor may He pardon his slips - often interfered in our affairs
with no permission or satisfaction from us. He was opinionated and he refrained
from giving our dues. He did not carry out our orders except of what he liked
and wanted. May Allah take him to the fire of Hell. We were patient with him
until Allah cut off his life after our prayer. We had informed some people of
our followers about him at that time - may Allah have no mercy on him. There
are some people who do not leave him. Make al-Issaqi - may Allah keep him and
his family safe - know what we have informed you about the status of this
sinner, and make whoever asked about him from the people of his village and
other villages know that. And tell the same to whoever deserves to know that.
He shall not be excused even by our followers for making dubious what our
reliable companions have narrated from us.\'
This tradition shows that this man was deviant. He died in
267 AH.[214]
19. Isaaq bin Isma\'yl an-Naysaburi
He was reliable. Sheikh at-Toosi mentioned him as one of
Imam al-Askari\'s companions.[215] The imam (a.s.) prayed Allah for him in one
of his letters.[216]
20. Abu Ya\'qub Isaaq bin Muhammad al-Basri
Sheikh at-Toosi mentioned him as one of Imam al-Askari\'s
companions.[217] Al-Kashshi said he was from the heads of the excessive.[218]
21. Isma\'yl bin Muhammad bin Ali bin Isma\'yl al-Hashimi
al-Abbasi
Sheikh at-Toosi mentioned him as one of Imam al-Askari\'s
companions.[219]
22. Jabir bin Suhayl as-Sayqal
He was the agent of Imam Abul Hasan al-Hadi (a.s.), Imam Abu
Muhammad al-Askari (a.s.), and Imam al-Mahdi (a.s.).[220]
23. Abul Qassim Jabir bin Yazid al-Farisi
Sheikh at-Toosi mentioned him as one of Imam al-Askari\'s
companions.[221]
24. Ja\'far bin Ibrahim bin Noah
Sheikh at-Toosi mentioned him as one of Imam al-Askari\'s
companions.[222]
25. Al-Hasan bin Ahmad al-Maliki
He was from the companions of Imam Abu Muhammad (a.s.). He
narrated from his father, and Ali bin al-Husayn bin Babwayh narrated from
him.[223]
26. Al-Hasan bin Ishkeeb al-Marwazi
He lived in Samarqand. He was a theologian, scholar, and an
author. Sheikh at-Toosi mentioned him as one of Imam al-Askari\'s
companions.[224]
27. Al-Hasan bin Ja\'far
He was known as Abu Talib al-Faghani. Sheikh at-Toosi
mentioned him as one of Imam al-Askari\'s companions.[225]
28. Al-Hasan bin Ali bin Nu\'man al-Kufi
Sheikh at-Toosi mentioned him as one of Imam al-Askari\'s
companions.[226] Al-Najashi said, \'He was the mawla of bani Hashim. His father
Ali bin an-Nu\'man was trustworthy of true traditions. He had a very useful
book on rarities.[227]
29. Al-Hasan bin Muhammad bin Baba al-Qummi
He was excessive. Sheikh at-Toosi mentioned him as one of
Imam al-Askari\'s companions without adding "al-Qummi" to his name.
al-Kashshi said, \'Abul Fadhl bin Shathan mentioned in one of his books that
ibn Baba al-Qummi was one of the famous liars.\'
Sa\'d said that al-Ubaydi said to him, \'Once, (Imam)
al-Askari wrote to me saying: I am free before Allah from al-Fihri and al-Hasan
bin Muhammad bin Baba al-Qummi, and you also should be free from them. I warn
you and all my followers of them. I curse them. The curse of Allah be on them.
They extort the monies of people in our name. They are mischievous and harmful.
May Allah harm them and plunge them into mischief. Ibn Baba pretends that I
have sent him as a prophet and that he is a "bab".[228] The curse of
Allah be on him. Satan has mocked at him and deceived him. Allah curses whoever
accepts that from him. O Muhammad, if you are able to split his head with a
rock, you do so. He has harmed me. May Allah harm him in this life and in the
afterlife.\'
This letter shows that the imam (a.s.) was so angry at this
man who had denied his religion and gone too far in deviation.
30. Al-Hasan bin Musa al-Khashshab
An-Najashi said about him, \'He was from our notable
companions. He was famous in knowledge and Hadith, and had written some books
such as "Refuting the Waqifites" and "the Rarities". It was
said that from his books there were the books of "the Hajj", and
"the Prophets". Sheikh at-Toosi mentioned him as one of Imam
al-Askari\'s companions.[229]
31. Abu Own al-Hasan bin an-Nadhr al-Abrash
Sheikh at-Toosi mentioned him as one of Imam al-Askari\'s
companions.[230]
32. Al-Hasan bin an-Nadhr
It was he who was carried to the Sacred District "Surra
Man Ra\'a" after the death of Imam Abu Muhammad (a.s.). The Imam (a.s.)
had given him two garments. He died in Ramadhan and was enshrouded in these two
garments. He was from the people of Qum, and from those who met Imam al-Mahdi
(a.s.) other than his agents and saw his miracles.[231] Sayyid al-Khu\'i
thought he was but the very man mentioned above and not another one.[232]
33. Al-Husayn bin al-Hasan bin Abban
Sheikh at-Toosi mentioned him as one of Imam al-Askari\'s
companions and said, \'He met the imam (a.s.) but we do not know whether he
narrated from him or not. Ibn Qoulwayh said he was from the relatives of
as-Saffar and Sa\'d bin Abdullah but he was before them because he narrated
from al-Husayn bin Sa\'eed but they both did not.\'[233]
34. Hafs bin Amr al-Umari
Sheikh at-Toosi mentioned him as one of Imam al-Askari\'s
companions.[234] He was one of the best companions of the imam (a.s.). Isaaq
bin Isma\'yl had a letter from Imam Abu Muhammad (a.s.) saying, \'Do not leave
the country until you meet al-Umari. May Allah be pleased with him for my
pleasedness with him. You greet him, be acquainted with him and make him be
acquainted with you, because he is pure, loyal, chaste, and close to us.
Everything that is carried to us from countries comes to him at last so that he
brings it to us. Praise be to Allah exceedingly.\'[235]
This shows that he was reliable, good man, and close to the
Ahlul Bayt (a.s).
35. Abu Sa\'eed Hamdan bin Sulayman an-Nayshaburi
Sheikh at-Toosi mentioned him as one of Imam al-Hadi\'s
companions at one time, and another time as one of Imam al-Askari\'s
companions.[236] He was a reliable person from the notables of the Shi\'a.
36. Hamza bin Muhammad
Sheikh at-Toosi mentioned him as one of Imam al-Askari\'s
companions.[237] He narrated the tradition of "the cause of the
legislating of fasting", and Isaaq bin Muhammad narrated from him.[238]
37. Dawud bin Abu Zayd
He was a reliable, truthful, religious man from Nayshabur.
Sheikh at-Toosi mentioned him as one of Imam al-Hadi and Imam al-Askari\'s
companions.
38. Dawud bin Aamir al-Ash\'ari
He was from Qum. Sheikh at-Toosi mentioned him as one of
Imam al-Askari\'s companions,[239] and so did al-Barqi.[240]
39. Dawud bin al-Qassim
He was known as Abu Hashim al-Ja\'fari. He was one of the
eminent Muslims and one of the famous scholars in religion. Here we talk in
brief about this great personality.
His lineage
His lineage belonged to the eternal martyr in Islam Ja\'far
bin Abu Talib at-Ţayyar. He was the son of al-Qassim bin Isaaq bin Abdullah bin
Ja\'far,[241] and there was no lineage more noble than this lineage.
His allegiance to the Ahlul Bayt (a.s)
Abu Hashim was very loyal to the infallible imams (a.s.). He
met Imam ar-Redha, Imam al-Jawad, Imam al-Hadi, and Imam Abu Muhammad al-Hasan
al-Askari (peace be on them). He devoted himself to them. He composed good
poetry in their praise.
His position near the Imams
Abu Hashim had a high position near the imams with whom he
was contemporary. Once, Imam al-Hadi (a.s.) said to him, \'O Abu Hashim, which
blessing of Allah you want to be grateful for? Allah has endowed you with faith
that saves your body from Fire, endowed you with soundness that helps you in obedience,
and endowed you with satisfaction that keeps you away from degradation.\'[242]
His social status
All classes of the society highly regarded Abu Hashim.
Biographers said about him, \'He was preferred by rulers. He was pious,
devoted, ascetic, knowledgeable, and active. No one of the Talibites[243] at
his time was like him in his high lineage.\'[244]
His courage
Abu Hashim was so courageous that he did not fear any ruler.
He announced the truth even in the most critical environments. Historians said
that when the head of Yahya, the great rebel, was brought to Baghdad, the
people of Baghdad went to Muhammad bin Abdullah bin Tahir, who killed Yahya,
congratulating him on the victory!! Abu Hashim was among those people. He said
to the emir, \'O emir, I have come to you congratulating on something that had
the messenger of Allah (a.s.) been alive, he would be consoled on.\'
All present people became silent and no one answered him
with anything.[245] He left angrily while reciting the following verses of
poetry: "O Family of Tahir, eat it harmfully, for the flesh of the Prophet
is not edible.
A revenge such that its seeker is Allah, Definitely it will
be taken."[246]
His death
He died in Jumadi al-Oola[247] in 261 AH,[248] a year after
the death of Imam Abu Muhammad (a.s.).
40. Sa\'d bin Abdullah al-Qummi
He was contemporary with Imam Abu Muhammad (a.s.). Sheikh
at-Toosi said that he did not know whether Sa\'d had narrated from the imam
(a.s.) or not.[249] An-Najashi said, \'He was the chief, jurisprudent, and
notable of this sect (the Shi\'a). He heard many traditions from the public. He
traveled around seeking traditions. He met al-Hasan bin Arafa, Muhammad bin
Abdul Malik ad-Daqiqi, Abu Hatim ar-Razi, and Abbas at-Tarqufi, and he met our
master Abu Muhammad (a.s.).He compiled many books like "Mercy",
"Wudu", "Prayer", "Zakat", "Hajj",
besides many other books written by him.\'[250]
He died in 301 or 299 AH.[251]
41. As-Sindi bin ar-Rabee\'
Sheikh at-Toosi mentioned him as one of Imam al-Askari\'s
companions and added that he was a reliable narrotor from Kufa.[252]
42. Abu Sa\'eed Sahl bin Ziyad al-Aadami ar-Razi
Sheikh at-Toosi mentioned him as one of Imam al-Askari\'s
companions.[253] An-Najashi said, \'He was weak in narration and undependable.
Ahmad bin Muhammad bin Eesa accused him of excessiveness and lying and he
exiled him from Qum to ar-Riyy where he lived before. He wrote to Abu Muhammad
al-Askari (a.s.) through Muhammad bin Abdul Hameed al-Attar. He had a book on
rarities.\'[254]
43. Shahwayh bin Abdullah al-Jallab
Sheikh at-Toosi mentioned him as one of Imam al-Askari\'s
companions.[255]
44. Salih bin Abu Hammad
An-Najashi said, \'Salih bin Abu Hammad Abul Khayr ar-Razi
met Imam Abul Hasan (al-Hadi) (a.s.). He was an ambiguous narrator, since some
people knew him while others denied him. He had some books like "The
speeches of Ameerul Mu\'minin" and "Rarities".[256] Sheikh
at-Toosi mentioned him as one of Imam al-Askari\'s companions.[257]
45. Salih bin Abdullah al-Jallab
Sheikh at-Toosi mentioned him as one of Imam al-Askari\'s
companions.[258]
46. Abdul Adheem al-Hasani
This noble master belonged to the pure progeny of Imam
al-Hasan (a.s.) the grandson of the messenger of Allah (a.s.). He was the son
of Abdullah bin Ali bin al-Hasan bin Zayd bin Imam al-Hasan (a.s.). Sheikh
at-Toosi mentioned him as one of Imam al-Askari\'s companions.[259] An-Najashi
mentioned that Ahmad bin Muhammad bin Khalid al-Barqi said, \'Abdul Adheem came
to ar-Riyy escaping from the ruler. He lived in a vault in a house of one of
the Shi\'a in Sikkat al-Mawali. He worshipped Allah in that vault; fasting
during the day and spending the night in praying and supplicating. He went out
in disguise to visit the tomb that was opposite his (future) tomb. He said that
it was a tomb of one of the sons of Imam Musa bin Ja\'far (a.s.). He remained
living in that vault and his news moved from one to another of the Shi\'a until
most of them knew him. Once a man from the Shi\'a saw in sleep that the
messenger of Allah (a.s.) said to him, \'A man from my progeny shall be carried
from Sikkat al-Mawali and buried near the apple tree in the garden of Abdul
Jabbar bin Abdul Wahab\' and he pointed to the place. The man went to buy the
tree and its place from its owner. The owner asked him, \'What for do you want
to buy the tree and its place?\' The man told him about his dream, and then the
owner of the tree remembered that he also had seen such a dream and entailed
the place of the tree and the entire garden on the Sharif and the Shi\'a to be
buried in. Abdul Adheem became ill and then died (may Allah have mercy on him).
When he was to be washed, a piece of paper was found in his pocket, written in
it was his noble lineage.\'[260]
This noble man was a knowledgeable jurisprudent. Abu Hammad
ar-Razi said, \'Once, I went to Ali bin Muhammad (al-Hadi) (a.s.) in Surra Man
Ra\'a. I asked him about some questions of halal and haram and he answered me.
When I wanted to leave him, he said to me, \'O Hammad, if some thing of your
religion is dubious to you, ask Abdul Adheem bin Abdullah al-Hasani about it
and give him my best regards!\'[261]
47. Abdullah bin Ja\'far al-Himyari al-Qummi
Sheikh at-Toosi mentioned him as one of Imam al-Askari\'s
companions,[262] and so did al-Barqi.[263] An-Najashi said, \'Abul Abbas
Abdullah bin Ja\'far bin al-Hasan bin Malik bin Jami\' al-Himyari al-Qummi was
the chief and a notable of the people of Qumm. He went to Kufa after 290 AH.
The people of Kufa heard from him many traditions. He compiled many books such
as "al-Amanah: deposit or fidelity", "ad-Dala\'il: proofs",
"al-Adhamah wet-Tawhid: greatness and monotheism", "al-Ghaybah
wel Heerah: occultation and confusion", "Fadhl al-Arab: preference of
the Arabs", "at-Tawhid wel Bada\' wel Iradah wel Istita\'ah wel
Ma\'rifah: monotheism, bada\'[264], will, capability, and knowledge",
"Qurb al-Isnad ila (close attribution to) Abu Ja\'far bin ar-Redha",
"Ma Bayna (between) Hisham bin al-Hakam and Hisham and al-Abbas",
"al-Arwah wel Jannah wel Nar : souls, Paradise, and Fire",
"al-Hadithayn al-Mukhtalifayn: the two different traditions",
"Massa\'il ad-Dajjal: the questions of the imposter", "Mukatabat
Abul Hasan ath-Thalith: correspondences of Abul Hasan the Third",
"Massa\'il li (questions of) Abu Muhammad al-Hasan bin Ali ala yad
(through) Muhammad bin Uthaman al-Umari", "Qurb al-Isnad ila Sahib
al-Amr (the man of the matter)", "Massail Abu Muhammad wa Tawqi\'atuh
(handwritings)", and the book "at-Tibb: medicine". These
different books show his vast knowledge and his specialization in different
sciences.
48. Abdullah bin Hamdwayh al-Bayhaqi
Sheikh at-Toosi mentioned him as one of Imam al-Askari\'s
companions.[265] He was from the best Shi\'a. Once, the imam (a.s.) wrote a
letter in which he prayed Allah to have mercy on him. We have mentioned this
letter in a previous chapter.
49. Abdullah bin Muhammad bin Khalid at-Tayalisi al-Kufi
Sheikh at-Toosi mentioned him as one of Imam al-Askari\'s
companions.[266] An-Najashi said, \'He was trustworthy, benevolent man from our
(Shi\'a) companions, and so was his brother Abu Muhammad al-Hasan. He had a
book of rarities.[267] Muhammad bin Mass\'ood said about him, \'As for Abdullah
bin Muhammad bin Khalid at-Tayalisi, I have not known about him but for him
being good and trustworthy.\'[268]
50. Abu Muhammad Abdullah bin Muhammad ash-Shami ad-Damashqi
Sheikh at-Toosi mentioned him as one of Imam al-Askari\'s
companions, and added that he narrated from Ahmad bin Muhammad bin \'Isa and
others.[269]
51. Abu Amr Uthman bin Sa\'eed al-Umari az-Zayyat
He was also called as as-Samman. He was one of the great faithful
and pious Muslims. As if religion was a part of him. We shall talk in brief
about him.
The Imams praising him
The Imams, whom al-Umari was contemporary with, praised and
highly regarded him. Ahmad bin Isaaq bin Sa\'d al-Qummi said, \'\'One day, I went
to Abul Hasan Ali bin Muhammad (Imam al-Hadi) (blessings be on him) and said to
him: O my master, some times I am here and some times I am not. I cannot come
to you at every time. Whose sayings do we accept and whose orders do we
follow?\'
He said, \'This is Abu Amr the trustworthy, the faithful.
Whatever he says to you is from me and whatever he informs you of is in behalf
of me.\'
When Abul Hasan (a.s.) died, I referred to his son Abu
Muhammad al-Hasan al-Askari (a.s.) and asked him one day as I had asked his
father before. He said to me, \'This is Abu Amr the trustworthy, the faithful.
He is the trust of the formers and my trust in life and death. Whatever he says
to you is from me and whatever he informs you of is in behalf of me.\'[270]
Ahmad bin Isaaq also said, \'I asked Abul Hasan (a.s.): with
whom shall I deal and from whom shall I take (religious rulings), and whose
saying shall I accept? He said to me, \'Al-Umary my trust; whatever he informs
you of is on behalf of me and whatever he says to you is on behalf of me.
Listen and obey him, for he is trustworthy and reliable.\'[271]
This is a clear proof of his faith, piety, and
religiousness.
His agency to Imam al-Mahdi (a.s.)
He assumed the agency in the Holy District (Surra Man Ra\'a)
for fifty years.[272] The Shi\'a offered their questions to him and he offered
them to the imam (a.s.).
His death
Historians said that he had dug a grave for himself.
Everyday, he went down into the grave and recited a part from the Holy Qur\'an
and then he came up. He died in Jumadi al-Oola in 304 or 305 AH. He had
predicted the day of his death. His tomb is in Baghdad and he is known by the
Baghdadis as ash-Sheikh al-Khilafi.[273]
52. Urwah al-Wakil al-Qummi
Sheikh at-Toosi mentioned him as one of Imam al-Askari\'s
companions.[274]
53. Al-Akmari bin Ali bin Muhammad al-Bawfaki an-Nayshaburi
Sheikh at-Toosi mentioned him as one of Imam al-Askari\'s
companions, and added that he bought some Turks in Samarqand for (Imam)
al-Askari.[275]
54. Ali bin Bilal
Sheikh at-Toosi mentioned him as one of Imam al-Hadi and
Imam al-Askari\'s companions.[276] An-Najashi said, \'He was a Baghdadi and
then he moved to Wasit. He narrated from Abul Hasan the Third (a.s.). He had a
book.\'[277] In a letter from Imam al-Askari (a.s.) to Isaaq it was mentioned,
\'O Isaaq, read our book to al-Bilali, may Allah have mercy on him, because he
is trustworthy and reliable, and he knows what he has to do.\'
Al-Kashshi said, "I found a book written by Jabra\'il
bin Ahmad that Muhammad bin Eesa al-Yaqtini said to him, \'Imam al-Hadi (a.s.)
wrote a letter to Ali bin Bilal in 232AH saying in it, \'\'I praise Allah and
thank Him for His might and mercy, and pray that He sends His blessing and
mercy on Muhammad the Prophet and on his progeny. I have appointed Abu Ali in
place of al-Husayn bin Abd Rabbih and entrusted him with that position for the
knowledge that he has, such that no one is preferred over him. I know you are
the chief of your district and so I wanted to honor you by writing this letter
on that to you. You have to obey him and deliver to him all the dues that are
with you. You have to inform my followers and recommend them of that, for this
will support and suffice him, and save us efforts and please us. Doing this,
you will have the reward of Allah, and Allah gives whomever He likes. He is the
Giver, Who rewards with His mercy and you are in the trust of Allah. I have
written this letter with my handwriting and I praise Allah much.\'"[278]
This letter shows that he was trustworthy and relied on by
the imam (a.s.).
55. Ali bin Ja\'far bin al-Abbas al-Khuza\'iy
Sheikh at-Toosi mentioned him as one of Imam al-Askari\'s
companions.[279]
56. Ali bin Ja\'far al-Humani al-Barmaki
Al-Barqi mentioned him as one of Imam al-Hadi and Imam al-Askari\'s
companions.[280] Sheikh at-Toosi said, \'He was a good, benevolent man from the
agents of Abul Hasan and Abu Muhammad (peace be on them).\'[281]
Abu Ja\'far al-Umari said, \'Once, Abu Tahir bin Bilal went
to perform the hajj and he saw Ali bin Ja\'far spending money excessively. When
he went back, he wrote to Abu Muhammad (Imam al-Askari) (a.s.) about that and
Abu Muhammad (a.s.) replied to him: \'We have ordered to give him one hundred
thousand dinars and then another one hundred thousand dinars but he refused to
take them so that we would keep them for people. He went to Abul Hasan (a.s.)
and he ordered to give him thirty thousand dinars.\'[282]
Al-Kashshi mentioned that Yusuf bin as-Sakht said, \'Ali bin
Ja\'far was one of the deputies of Imam al-Hadi (a.s.). One day, he was
betrayed and al-Mutawakkil threw him into prison. He remained in prison for a
long time and he could not bear this any longer. Therefore, he asked an agent
of the Abbasid government to intercede for him to be set free and he would give
him three thousand dinars for that. The agent went to Ubaydillah, who had a
good position near al-Mutawakkil, and asked him to intercede with al-Mutawakkil
for Ali bin Ja\'far. Ubaydillah responded to him and interceded with
al-Mutawakkil to set Ali bin Ja\'far free, but al-Mutawakkil refused and said
to him, \'If I doubted you, I would say you are a Rafidhi (Shi\'a). This is a
deputy of Abul Hasan al-Hadi and I have determined to kill him.\'
Ubaydillah regretted his intercession and told his friend
(the agent) that al-Mutawakkil had determined to kill Ali bin Ja\'far and there
was no chance for setting him free. Ali bin Ja\'far became so distressed and
wrote a letter to Imam al-Hadi (a.s.) saying to him, \'O my master, please do
something for me! I fear I may lose my faith.\' Imam al-Hadi (a.s.) replied to
him, \'Since the matter has reached this point with you, I will pray Allah for
you.\'
Al-Mutawakkil became seriously ill and his fever increased.
Therefore, he ordered his men to set free all prisoners and gave a special
order to set Ali bin Ja\'far free. Al-Mutawakkil ordered Ubaydillah to set Ali
free and to beg him to forgive him (al-Mutawakkil) for what he had done to him.
Ali was set free and went to live in Mecca as Imam al-Hadi (a.s.) had ordered
him.\'[283]
Al-Kashshi mentioned in the biography of Faris bin Hatim
al-Qazwini that there was a dispute between Ali bin Ja\'far and Faris, and that
Ibrahim bin Muhammad wrote to Imam al-Hadi (a.s.) telling him about that and
asking him to show him which of them he should follow. Imam al-Hadi (a.s.)
replied to him saying, "It should not be asked about one like this man and
he should never be doubted. The position of Ali bin Ja\'far is so great to us.
May Allah please us with him. He is far above others to be compared with them.
Go to Ali bin Ja\'far to satisfy your needs, and fear Faris and do not let him
interfere in your affairs. Let you and those who follow you from the people of
your country do that. I have been informed of what he (Faris) misrepresented to
people. Do not pay attention to him insha\'Allah!\'[284]
This letter shows that this man was so faithful that the
imam (a.s.) had appointed him as an authority for the Shi\'a.
57. Ali bin al-Hasan bin Fadhdhal al-Kufi
Sheikh at-Toosi mentioned him as one of Imam al-Askari\'s
companions.[285] An-Najashi said, \'He was the best jurisprudent of our
companions in Kufa and one of the notables there. He was trustworthy and the
most aware of Hadith among them. Our companions listened to and obeyed him.
Many traditions were heard from him. No fault was found in him and he was
accused of nothing. He seldom narrated from a weak narrator. He was
Fatahite[286] and did not narrate from his father any tradition. When I was
eighteen years, I discussed his books with him, but at that time I did not
understand traditions and did not permit myself to narrate them before him. He
narrated from his two brothers who narrated from their father.
He had written many books such as the book of
"Wudu\'", "Haydh and Nafas; menstruation and puerperium",
"Salat; prayer", "Zakat and Khums", "Fasting",
"Manasik (rituals of) al-Hajj", "Divorce", "Nikah;
marriage", "al-Ma\'rifah: knowledge", "at-Tanzil min
al-Qur\'an wet Tahrif: the revelation and distortion", "az-Zuhd:
asceticism", and many others.\'[287]
He was at the head of the scholars of his time, and his many
books proved his vast knowledge.
58. Ali bin Sulayman bin Dawud ar-Riqqi
Sheikh at-Toosi mentioned him as one of Imam al-Askari\'s
companions.[288]
59. Ali bin ar-Rayyan bin as-Salt al-Ash\'ari al-Qummi
Sheikh at-Toosi mentioned him as one of Imam al-Askari\'s
companions.[289]
60. Ali bin Ramees
Sheikh at-Toosi mentioned him as one of Imam al-Hadi and
Imam al-Askari\'s companions, and said that he was from Baghdad and was
weak.[290]
61. Ali bin Zayd bin Ali al-Alawi
Sheikh at-Toosi mentioned him as one of Imam al-Askari\'s
companions.[291]
62. Ali bin Shuja\' an-Naysaburi
Sheikh at-Toosi mentioned him as one of Imam al-Askari\'s
companions.[292]
63. Ali bin Muhammad as-Saymari
Sheikh at-Toosi mentioned him as one of Imam al-Askari\'s
companions.[293]
64. Ali bin Muhammad bin Ilyas
Sheikh at-Toosi mentioned him as one of Imam al-Askari\'s
companions.[294]
65. Umar bin Abu Muslim
Sheikh at-Toosi mentioned him as one of Imam al-Askari\'s
companions.[295]
66. Amr bin Suwayd al-Mada\'ini
Sheikh at-Toosi mentioned him as one of Imam al-Askari\'s
companions.[296]
67. Al-Fadhl bin al-Harith
Sheikh at-Toosi mentioned him as one of Imam al-Askari\'s
companions.[297] Al-Kashshi mentioned that al-Fadhl said, \'I was in Surra Man
Ra\'a at the time of the departure of my master Abul Hasan (al-Hadi) (a.s.). We
saw Abu Muhammad walking later, tearing his clothes out of sorrow for his
father. I was astonished at his gravity and at his color and expressions. I
felt pity for his tiredness. When night came, I saw him in my sleep and he said
to me, \'The color that you were astonished at was the trying of Allah of His
creatures. He tries with it as He wills. It is a lesson for those who have
sight. There is no blame in it on the tried one, and we are not like other
people to be tired as they are. We ask Allah to fix us on faith and to make us
ponder on His creation. Know that each of us in sleep is like each of us in
wakefulness.\'[298]
68. Al-Fadhl bin Shathan
Sheikh at-Toosi mentioned him as one of Imam al-Askari\'s
companions.[299] He was at the head of the eminent scholars of his time. He
wrote books on different sciences and arts. He had written one hundred and
eighty books.[300] Some of his books were admired by Imam Abu Muhammad (a.s.).
He said about one of them, \'This is true and must be acted upon.\'[301] Once
again, he read one of the books and said, \'I envy the people of Khurasan for
the position of al-Fadhl bin Shathan, and his being among them.\'[302]
Imam Abu Muhammad (a.s.) glorified and highly regarded
al-Fadhl. He prayed Allah to have mercy on him three times.[303] Al-Kashshi
mentioned some traditions dispraising him, but those traditions were fabricated
against him by the opponents who had spite against him.
69. Qassim bin Hisham al-Lu\'lu\'iy
Sheikh at-Toosi mentioned him as one of Imam al-Askari\'s
companions, and said that he narrated from Abu Ayyub.[304] An-Najashi said that
had a book of rarities.[305]
70. Muhammad bin Ibrahim bin Mahziyar
Sheikh at-Toosi mentioned him as one of Imam al-Askari\'s
companions.[306]
Muhammad bin Ya\'qub narrated that Muhammad bin Ibrahim bin
Mahziyar said, \'After the death of Abu Muhammad (a.s.) I was in doubt. Much
money was accumulated with my father. He carried the money and rode on the
ship. I escorted him. He felt severe pain and said to me, \'Take me back! It is
death.\' And then he said to me, \'Fear Allah in this money!\' He made his will
and died. I said to myself, \'My father would not recommend of anything that is
not right. Let me take this money and go to Iraq. I shall rent a house at the
bank of the river and I shall not tell anyone about anything. If some thing
becomes clear to me as it was clear during the time of Abu Muhammad, I shall
spend the money, and otherwise I shall enjoy myself with it.\' After some days,
a messenger came to me with a letter, and written in it was: "O Muhammad,
there is so-and-so with you in so-and-so.\' He mentioned to me all that which I
possessed, even that which I did not know. I gave it to the messenger and felt
ashamed for some days. I was very sad, but then a letter came from the imam
(a.s.) saying, \'We have appointed you in place of your father, so thank
Allah!\'[307] This means that Ibrahim had a respectable position and a high
standing.
71. Muhammad bin Abul Sahban
Sheikh at-Toosi mentioned him as one of Imam al-Askari\'s
companions,[308] and so did al-Barqi.[309]
72. Muhammad bin Ahmad bin Ja\'far al-Qummi al-Attar
Sheikh at-Toosi mentioned him as one of Imam al-Askari\'s
companions and said he was his agent. He had met Imam Abul Hasan al-Hadi
(a.s.).[310]
73. Muhammad bin Ahmad bin Mutahhar
Sheikh at-Toosi mentioned him as one of Imam al-Askari\'s
companions.[311]
74. Abu Abdullah Muhammad bin Ahmad bin Na\'eem bin Shathan
an-Naysaburi
Sheikh at-Toosi mentioned him as one of Imam al-Askari\'s
companions.[312] As-Saduq mentioned that Muhammad bin Ahmad bin Shathan said,
\'Some money came to me for al-Qa\'im (Imam al-Mahdi), peace be upon him. It
was five hundred lacking twenty dirhams. I hated to send the meager amount so I
added twenty dirhams from my money and sent the amount to Muhammad bin Ja\'far
without mentioning my money. The receipt came to Muhammad bin Ja\'far (from the
imam) saying: "Five hundred dirhams were received. Twenty dirhams from them
are yours."
Imam al-Qa\'im (a.s.) said about him, \'As for Muhammad bin
Shathan bin Na\'eem, he is a man from our Shi\'a, we the Ahlul Bayt
(a.s).\'[313]
75. Muhammad bin Ahmad al-Ja\'fari al-Qummi
Sheikh at-Toosi mentioned him as one of Imam al-Askari\'s
companions and said he was his agent, and that he had met Imam Abul Hasan
(a.s.).[314]
76. Muhammad bin Bilal
Sheikh at-Toosi mentioned him as one of Imam al-Askari\'s
companions and said he was trustworthy.[315]
77. Muhammad bin al-Hasan bin Shammun
Sheikh at-Toosi mentioned him as one of Imam al-Askari\'s
companions and said he was excessive man from Basra.[316] An-Najashi said, \'He
was a Waqifite[317] and then he turned excessive. He was too weak (in
traditions) and of bad beliefs. Some traditions on Waqifism were ascribed to
him. It was mentioned that he had said, \'I heard Imam Musa bin Ja\'far (s)
saying, \'Whoever tells you that he has nursed me, washed me (after death),
enshrouded me, put me in a coffin, buried me and shook dust off his hand, do
not believe him. Whoever asks about me, tell him that I am alive, and praise be
to Allah.\'[318]
Al-Kashshi mentioned from him his saying, \'I wrote to Abu
Muhammad (Imam al-Askari) complaining of poverty and then I said to myself: has
Abu Abdullah (Imam as-Sadiq) (a.s.) not said, \'Poverty with us (the Ahlul
Bayt) is better than wealth with our enemy, and being killed with us is better
than living with our enemy.\' The reply to my letter came saying, \'Allah the
Almighty tries our followers, when their sins increase, by poverty, and He may
forgive many (of sins), and it is as your self said to you: poverty with us is
better than wealth with our enemy. We are a shelter for whoever resorts to us
and a light for whoever seeks light, and preservation for whoever resorts to
us. Whoever loves us will be with us in the highest position, and whoever
deviates from us will be in Fire.\'[319]
78. Muhammad bin al-Hasan as-Saffar
Sheikh at-Toosi mentioned him as one of Imam al-Askari\'s
companions and said he had some doubts about him.[320] An-Najashi said, \'He
was eminent notable among our companions of Qum. He was trustworthy, highly
respectable, preferred, and of little mistaking in narration. He had some books
like "Prayer", "Wudu", "Funerals",
"Hajj", "Marriage", "Divorce", "the Freeing
of Slaves", "Correspondence", "Management", "Trades",
"Gains", "Hunting and Slaughtering", "Penalties",
"Blood money", "Obligations", "Inheritance",
"Du\'a: supplication", "the Shrine", "Refuting the
excessive", "Drinks", "Magnanimity",
"Asceticism", "Khums", "Zakat",
"Witnesses", "Battles", "Precautionary
Dissimulation", "the Believer", "Oaths and Vows",
"Defects", "Insights of Degrees", "what has been
narrated about the children of the imams", "what has been narrated in
Sha\'ban", "Jihad", and "the Value of the
Qur\'an".\'[321] This noble sheikh died in 290 AH.
79. Muhammad bin al-Husayn bin Abul Khattab
Sheikh at-Toosi mentioned him as one of Imam al-Askari\'s
companions.[322] An-Najashi said, \'He was an eminent notable from our Shi\'a
companions. He was trustworthy. He narrated many traditions and his narrations
were relied on. He had compiled good books such as "Monotheism", "Knowledge
and Bad\'a\'", "Refuting the Fatalists", "Imamate",
"The Pearle", "the recommendations of the imams", and
"Rarities".\'[323] Ibn Shahrashub considered him as one of the close
companions of Imam Abu Muhammad (a.s.). He died in 262 AH.
80. Muhammad bin Ja\'far al-Umari
Sheikh at-Toosi mentioned him as one of Imam al-Askari\'s
companions.[324] Al-Kashi said that his father, Hafs, was an agent of Imam Abu
Muhammad (a.s.).
81. Muhammad bin ar-Rabee\' bin as-Suwayd as-Sa\'iy
Sheikh at-Toosi mentioned him as one of Imam al-Askari\'s
companions.[325]
82. Muhammad bin Ziyad
Sheikh at-Toosi mentioned him with this name as one of Imam
al-Askari\'s companions adding nothing else.[326]
83. Muhammad bin Salih al-Armani
Sheikh at-Toosi mentioned him as one of Imam al-Askari\'s
companions.[327]
84. Muhammad bin Salih bin Muhammad al-Hamadani
Sheikh at-Toosi mentioned him as one of Imam al-Askari\'s
companions.[328] Sheikh as-Saduq said, \'He was one of those who saw the
miracles of the Awaited Imam (a.s.).\'[329]
85. Muhammad bin Salih al-Khash\'ami
Sheikh at-Toosi mentioned him as one of Imam al-Askari\'s
companions.[330]
86. Muhammad bin Abdul Hameed bin Salim al-Attar al-Kufi
Sheikh at-Toosi mentioned him as one of Imam al-Askari\'s
companions.[331] An-Najashi said: He was a trustworthy narrator from our Kufi
Shi\'a companions. He had a book on rarities.\'[332]
87. Abu Ja\'far Muhammad bin Uthman al-Umari
He was trustworthy and loyal. He and his father were agents
of Imam al-Mahdi (a.s.). Many traditions were mentioned about his loftiness and
high position. Once, Ahmad bin Isaaq asked Imam Abu Muhammad (a.s.), \'With
whom shall I ideal, from whom shall I take (religious rulings), and whose
saying shall I accept?\'
Imam Abu Muhammad (a.s.) said, \'Al-Umari (he meant Uthman)
and his son (Muhammad)! They are trustworthy. Whatever they tell you they tell
on behalf of me.\'[333]
A letter came from Imam al-Mahdi (a.s.) to Muhammad bin
Uthman al-Umari comforting him on the death of his father Uthman in which he
said, \'May Allah reward and comfort you with the best. You are afflicted and
we are afflicted. His departure distressed you and distressed us. May Allah please
him in his final abode. It was from his perfect happiness that Allah had given
him a son like you to succeed him after his death, replace him, and invoke the
mercy of Allah on him. I say: praise be to Allah for souls are pleased with you
and with what He has put in you and given you. May He assist, strengthen, and
make you successful, and be your Guardian, Keeper, and Sufficer.\'[334]
Sheikh as-Saduq mentioned that Abdullah bin Ja\'far
al-Himyari said, \'Once, I asked Muhammad bin Uthman al-Umari whether he had
seen the Man of the Matter (Imam al-Mahdi), peace be on him, and he said,
\'Yes, the last time I had seen him was in the Inviolable House of Allah (the
Kaaba) while he was saying: "O Allah, carry out to me what You have
promised me!\' Muhammad bin Uthman also said, \'I saw him clinging to the
curtains of the Kaaba in al-Mustajar (resort) while saying: "O Allah,
avenge on Your enemies!"\'[335]
Muhammad bin Uthman died in 305 AH.[336]
88. Muhammad bin Ali bin Bilal
Sheikh at-Toosi mentioned him as one of Imam al-Askari\'s
companions.[337] He was trustworthy, but later on he robbed the monies of the
imam (a.s.) that were with him and he refused to deliver them to the Imam\'s
agent Muhammad bin Uthman claiming that he himself was the agent. After this,
the Shi\'a rejected him and announced they were free from him.[338]
89. Muhammad bin Ali at-Tasturi
Sheikh at-Toosi mentioned him as one of Imam al-Askari\'s
companions,[339] and so did al-Barqi.
90. Muhammad bin Ali az-Zari\'
Sheikh at-Toosi mentioned him as one of Imam al-Askari\'s
companions.
91. Muhammad bin Ali al-Qasri
Sheikh at-Toosi mentioned him as one of Imam al-Askari\'s
companions.[340]
92. Muhammad bin Ali al-Katib
Sheikh at-Toosi mentioned him as one of Imam al-Askari\'s
companions.[341]
93. Muhammad bin \'Isa bin Ubayd al-Yaqtini
Sheikh at-Toosi mentioned him as one of Imam al-Askari\'s
companions.[342] An-Najashi said, \'He was lofty, trustworthy notable from the
Shi\'a. He had narrated many traditions and compiled some good books. He narrated
traditions from Abu Ja\'far the Second (Imam al-Jawad) through letters and
orally.
Muhammad bin Ja\'far ar-Razzaz said that Muhammad bin \'Isa
lived in Suq al-Attash and had written and compiled a good collection of
books.[343]
94. Muhammad bin Musa as-Saree\'iy
Sheikh at-Toosi mentioned him as one of Imam al-Askari\'s
companions and said he was excessive.[344] Al-Kashshi said, \'He and Muhammad
bin Musa ash-Shurayqi were from the disciples of Ali bin Hasaka. They are
cursed, may Allah curse them.\'[345] Some narrators narrated from Abu Muhammad
at-Talla\'kabri that Abu Ali Muhammad bin Humam said, \'As-Saree\'iy was
surnamed as Abu Muhammad.he was from the companions of Abul Hasan Ali bin
Muhammad (al-Hadi) and al-Hasan al-Askari (peace be on them). He was the first
one who claimed a position that Allah had not made for him and he did not
deserve it. He fabricated lies against Allah and against His authorities (peace
be on them). He ascribed to them what did not fit them; therefore, the Shi\'a
cursed and disavowed him. Then a book came from the imam (a.s.) cursing and
disavowing him.and then disbelief and atheism appeared in his sayings.\'[346]
95. Muhammad bin Musa an-Naysaburi
Sheikh at-Toosi mentioned him as one of Imam al-Askari\'s
companions.[347] Once, the imam (a.s.) sent a letter with him to Ibrahim bin
Abdah.[348]
96. Muhammad bin Musa bin Furat
Sheikh at-Toosi mentioned him as one of Imam al-Askari\'s
companions.[349]
97. Muhammad bin Yahya bin Ziyad
Sheikh at-Toosi mentioned him as one of Imam al-Askari\'s
companions.[350]
98. Muhammad bin Yahya al-Mu\'athi
Sheikh at-Toosi mentioned him as one of Imam al-Askari\'s
companions.[351]
99. Muhammad bin Yazdad
Sheikh at-Toosi mentioned him as one of Imam al-Askari\'s
companions.[352]
100. Harun bin Muslim bin Sa\'dan
He was from Kufa, and then he moved to Basra, and then to
Baghdad. Sheikh at-Toosi mentioned him as one of Imam al-Askari\'s
companions.[353] An-Najashi said, \'He was a trustworthy notable. He had a
school in "compulsion" and "Tashbih: comparing Allah to the
created". He met Abu Muhammad and Abul Hasan (peace be on them). He had
some books like "at-Tawhid: monotheism", "al-Fadha\'il:
virtues", "al-Khutab: sermons", "al-Maghazi: battles",
and "ad-Du\'a". He had questions with Abul Hasan the Third (al-Hadi)
(a.s.).\'[354]
101. Yahya al-Basri
Sheikh at-Toosi mentioned him as one of Imam al-Askari\'s
companions.[355]
102. Ya\'qub bin Isaaq al-Barqi
Sheikh at-Toosi mentioned him as one of Imam al-Askari\'s
companions.[356]
103. Ya\'qub bin Manqush
Sheikh at-Toosi mentioned him as one of Imam al-Askari\'s
companions.[357] Sheikh as-Saduq mentioned that Ya\'qub bin Manqush said,
"One day, I went to Abu Muhammad al-Hasan bin Ali (a.s.) and asked him,
\'O my master, who will be the man of this matter (imamate)?\' He asked me to
lift a screen there and I did. A young boy of eight or ten years came out to
us.he sat on the thigh of Abu Muhammad (a.s.). Then, Imam Abu Muhammad (a.s.)
said to me, \'This is your man.\' The boy jumped and Abu Muhammad (a.s.) said
to him, \'O my son, go in until the prescribed time!\' The boy went in while I
was looking at him. Abu Muhammad (a.s.) said to me, \'O Ya\'qub, go in to see
who there is in the house!\' I went in, but found no one.\'[358]
104. Yusuf bin as-Sakht
Sheikh at-Toosi mentioned him as one of Imam al-Askari\'s
companions.[359] Ibn al-Ghadhayiri said, \'He was weak, and of unreliable
speech. The people of Qum excluded him from the "rarities of
wisdom".\'[360]
105. Abu Khalaf al-Ijli
Sheikh at-Toosi mentioned him as one of Imam al-Askari\'s
companions, and said that Ali bin al-Husayn bin Babwayh narrated from him from
Imam Abu Muhammad al-Hasan bin Ali (a.s.).[361]
106. Abu Muhammad Ali bin Bilal al-Iskafi
Sheikh at-Toosi mentioned him as one of Imam al-Askari\'s
companions.[362]
107. Abul Bakhtari
Sheikh at-Toosi mentioned him as one of Imam al-Askari\'s
companions, and said he was the teacher of al-Hajjaj\'s children.[363]
Notes:
[178] Rijal an-Najashi.
[179] Rijal at-Toosi.
[180] Rijal at-Toosi.
[181] Rijal at-Toosi.
[182] Ibid.
[183] Rijal al-Kashshi.
[184] Rijal an-Najashi.
[185] Rijal al-Kashshi.
[186] Mu\'jam Rijal al-Hadith, vol.1 p.169.
[187] Rijal at-Toosi.
[188] Ibid.
[189] Bani means \'the family or the tribe of\'.
[190] Rijal an-Najashi.
[191] Rijal ibn Dawud.
[192] Rijal al-Kashshi.
[193] Rijal at-Toosi.
[194] Rijal an-Najashi.
[195] Rijal an-Najashi.
[196] Rijal at-Toosi.
[197] Rijal al-Kashshi.
[198] Usool al-Kafi, chap. of al-Hujjah.
[199] Rijal at-Toosi.
[200] A sect believing that Abdullah al-Aftah the son of
Imam Ja\'far as-Sadiq (s) was the imam after his father.
[201] Rijal an-Najashi.
[202] Rijal at-Toosi.
[203] Qur\'an, 3:25.
[204] Rijal al-Kashshi.
[205] Rijal al-Barqi.
[206] A mursal tradition is the tradition that is narrated
while one or two of the chain of narrators are missing.
[207] Rijal an-Najashi.
[208] Rijal al-Kashshi.
[209] Rijal at-Toosi.
[210] Mu\'jam Rijal al-Hadith, vol.2 p.329.
[211] Rijal at-Toosi.
[212] Ibid.
[213] Mu\'jam Rijal al-Hadith, vol.4 p.367.
[214] Mu\'jam Rijal al-Hadith, vol. 2 p.367.
[215] Rijal at-Toosi.
[216] We have mentioned it in a previous chapter.
[217] Rijal at-Toosi.
[218] Rijal al-Kashshi.
[219] Rijal at-Toosi.
[220] Ibid.
[221] Ibid.
[222] Rijal at-Toosi.
[223] Mu\'jam Rijal al-Hadith, vol.4 p.293.
[224] Rijal at-Toosi.
[225] Ibid.
[226] Ibid.
[227] Rijal an-Najashi.
[228] In early Shiism "bab" denotes the senior
authorized disciple of the imam.
[229] Rijal at-Toosi.
[230] Ibid.
[231] Ikmal ad-Deen.
[232] Mu\'jam Rijal al-Hadith.
[233] Rijal at-Toosi.
[234] Ibid.
[235] Rijal al-Kashshi.
[236] Rijal at-Toosi.
[237] Rijal at-Toosi.
[238] Mu\'jam Rijal al-Hadith.
[239] Rijal at-Toosi.
[240] Rijal al-Barqi.
[241] Al-Kuna wel Alqab, vol.1 p.174.
[242] The life of Imam al-Hadi by Baqir Sharif al-Qurashi.
[243] The progeny of Abu Talib.
[244] Al-Kuna wel Alqab, vol.1 p.176.
[245] Maqatil at-Talibiyeen, p.164.
[246] Tareekh at-Tabari, vol.11 p.9.
[247] It is the fifth month in the Islamic year.
[248] Al-Kuna wel Alqab, vol.1 p.176.
[249] Rijal at-Toosi.
[250] Rijal an-Najashi.
[251] Mu\'jam Rijal al-Hadith.
[252] Rijal at-Toosi.
[253] Ibid.
[254] Rijal an-Najashi.
[255] Rijal at-Toosi.
[256] Rijal an-Najashi.
[257] Rijal at-Toosi.
[258] Ibid.
[259] Ibid.
[260] Rijal an-Najashi.
[261] Mu\'jam Rijal al-Hadith, vol.10 p.53.
[262] Rijal at-Toosi.
[263] Rijal al-Barqi.
[264] The alteration of Allah\'s purpose, the emergence of
new circumstances, which cause a change in an earlier ruling.
[265] Rijal at-Toosi.
[266] Ibid.
[267] Rijal an-Najashi.
[268] Rijal al-Kashshi.
[269] Rijal at-Toosi.
[270] Al-Ghaybah by Sheikh at-Toosi.
[271] Usool al-Kafi.
[272] Al-Kuna wel Alqab, vol.3 p.267.
[273] Ibid., p.268.
[274] Rijal at-Toosi.
[275] Rijal at-Toosi.
[276] Rijal at-Toosi.
[277] Rijal an-Najashi.
[278] Rijal at-Toosi.
[279] Rijal at-Toosi.
[280] Rijal al-Barqi.
[281] Al-Ghaybah.
[282] Ibid.
[283] Rijal al-Kashshi.
[284] Rijal al-Kashshi.
[285] Rijal at-Toosi.
[286] A sect believing that Abdullah al-Aftah the son of
Imam Ja\'far as-Sadiq (s) was the imam after his father.
[287] Rijal an-Najashi.
[288] Rijal at-Toosi.
[289] Ibid.
[290] Rijal at-Toosi.
[291] Ibid.
[292] Ibid.
[293] Ibid.
[294] Rijal at-Toosi.
[295] Ibid.
[296] Ibid.
[297] Ibid.
[298] Rijal al-Kashshi.
[299] Rijal at-Toosi.
[300] Rijal an-Najashi.
[301] Rijal al-Kashshi.
[302] Ibid.
[303] Ibid.
[304] Rijal at-Toosi.
[305] Rijal an-Najashi.
[306] Rijal at-Toosi.
[307] Usool al-Kafi.
[308] Rijal at-Toosi.
[309] Rijal al-Barqi.
[310] Rijal at-Toosi.
[311] Ibid.
[312] Rijal at-Toosi.
[313] Mu\'jam Rijal al-Hadith.
[314] Rijal at-Toosi.
[315] Ibid.
[316] Rijal at-Toosi.
[317] The waqifites were a group of people who believed in
the imamate of the first seven imams, from Imam Ali (a.s.) to Imam Musa bin
Ja\'far al-Kadhim (a.s.), but did not believe in the remaining five imams.
[318] Rijal an-Najashi.
[319] Rijal al-Kashshi.
[320] Rijal at-Toosi.
[321] Rijal an-Najashi.
[322] Rijal at-Toosi.
[323] Rijal an-Najashi.
[324] Rijal at-Toosi.
[325] Ibid.
[326] Ibid.
[327] Ibid.
[328] Ibid.
[329] Ikmaluddeen.
[330] Rijal at-Toosi.
[331] Rijal at-Toosi.
[332] Rijal an-Najashi.
[333] Usool al-Kafi, vol.1 chap. al-Hujja.
[334] Mu\'jam Rijal al-Hadith, vol.16 p.310.
[335] Man La Yahdhuruhu al-Faqih, vol.2 chap. of
"rarities of the hajj".
[336] Mu\'jam Rijal al-Hadith, vol.16 p.310.
[337] Rijal at-Toosi.
[338] Mu\'jam Rijal al-Hadith, vol.16 p.350.
[339] Rijal at-Toosi.
[340] Rijal at-Toosi.
[341] Rijal at-Toosi.
[342] Ibid.
[343] Mu\'jam Rijal al-Hadith, vol. 17 p.126.
[344] Rijal at-Toosi.
[345] Rijal al-Kashshi.
[346] Mu\'jam Rijal al-Hadith, vol.17 p.323.
[347] Rijal at-Toosi.
[348] Mu\'jam Rijal al-Hadith.
[349] Rijal at-Toosi.
[350] Ibid.
[351] Ibid.
[352] Rijal at-Toosi.
[353] Ibid.
[354] Rijal an-Najashi.
[355] Rijal at-Toosi.
[356] Ibid.
[357] Ibid.
[358] Ikmaluddeen.
[359] Rijal at-Toosi.
[360] Mu\'jam Rijal al-Hadith, vol.20 p.200.
[361] Rijal at-Toosi.
[362] Ibid.
[363] Rijal at-Toosi.
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